This is part 1 of Lecture 3 of PHL 260 Ethical Issues Spring 2016. In this part, I cover a deepening of the critique of relativism by clearing up a common misunderstanding, namely, that people confuse lacking the inner resources to grasp some subject-independent reality with relativism. Then, following the work of Josef Seifert (and expanding on it in some ways), I define the nature of a motive and then outline a series of 7 motives of the moral actions we freely choose: objective value; moral obligation; the goodness of the moral act itself; the goodness/virtue of the one performing the act; happiness; the common good and God.
